Kusukela ngo-2021, ngaphansi kwesimo samazwe ngamazwe esinzima nesiyinkimbinkimbi njengokubhebhetheka kobhubhane olusha lwenyumoniya, ukwanda kokuvikelwa kwezohwebo, kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha okusheshayo kochungechunge lwezimboni zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, uhwebo lwaseShayina lwangaphandle lubonise ukuqina okuqinile. , yazuza ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi yaqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezohwebo okusezingeni eliphezulu.Ngonyaka wokuqala "we-14th Weminyaka Emihlanu", "okulotshiweyo" okumangalisayo kwangeniswa.
Ibonisa inkambiso yokukhula ngokushesha
Uma ngibheka emuva ngonyaka wezi-2021, ukuhwebelana kwezwe lami kwamanye amazwe kukhombise ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi izinga lokukhula lanyanga zonke lokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe lisalokhu lisezingeni eliphakeme elinamadijithi amabili unyaka nonyaka.Esigabeni sokuqala, “inkathi engasebenzi ayibuthakathaka”, izinga lohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kushaye umlando ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye nezinga lokukhula lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle likhuphuke kakhulu. isikhathi esifanayo kusukela ngo-2011;isamba senani lempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe esigabeni sesibili nesesithathu kwaba ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-95,900 ngokulandelana, ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.23, okukhuphuke ngo-25.2% no-15.2% ngokulandelana;ezinyangeni eziyi-10 zokuqala, inani eliphelele lokungenisa nokuthekelisa kwaba yi-US$4.89 trillion, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-31.9%, kanye nesilinganiso sadlula esanyakenye, kubeka irekhodi elisha phezulu;NgoSepthemba, inani eliphelele lezwe lami lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle libe ngama-yuan ayizigidigidi ezingama-35.39, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngama-22%.
Ochwepheshe bemboni ngokuvamile bakholelwa ukuthi izisekelo zezomnotho ezihlakaniphile zaseShayina zikusekela ngokuqinile ukusebenza kahle kohwebo lwangaphandle.Ezingxenyeni ezintathu kwezine zokuqala zalo nyaka, umnotho waseShayina ukhule ngo-9.8% unyaka nonyaka, owawuphezulu kunesilinganiso sokukhula kwesilinganiso somhlaba kanye nezinga lokukhula kweminotho emikhulu.
UCui Weijie, iPhini likaDean nomcwaningi we-Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation yoMnyango Wezohwebo, engxoxweni abe nayo nentatheli yaseChina Trade News uthe isimo saseChina sokuhwebelana namanye amazwe kulo nyaka sidlule obekulindelwe.Okokuqala nje, izuze ekusebenziseni ngokugcwele kweShayina izinzuzo zayo zesikhungo kanye nokulawulwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo kwalolu bhubhane.Amabhizinisi aqala kabusha umsebenzi nokukhiqiza ngokushesha, isisekelo sezimboni sokuthuthukiswa kohwebo lwangaphandle sihle, futhi uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka luphelile.Okwesibili, iKomidi eliPhakathi leQembu kanye noMkhandlu Wombuso ubeka ukubaluleka okukhulu ebunzimeni obungokoqobo ekusimamiseni uhwebo lwangaphandle.Umnyango Wezohwebo wenze uchungechunge lomsebenzi ekukhuthazeni ukukhushulwa kokuphuma kwamabhokisi, uqinisekisa umthamo kanye nokuqinisa ukugadwa kwamanani, kanye nokuqondisa ohulumeni basekhaya ukuba bethule izinyathelo ezihambisanayo.Impendulo enhle.Okwesithathu, lolu bhubhane ludale igebe elikhulu ekuhlinzekweni nasekudingweni ezimakethe zomhlaba.Uhlelo lwaseShayina lohwebo lwangaphandle lungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezinguquko ezifunwa yimakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, luhlinzeke ngemikhiqizo edayiswayo ngesikhathi, futhi luhlangabezane nezidingo zokuvimbela ubhubhane, ukukhiqizwa kanye nempilo kuwo wonke amazwe nezifunda.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani zohwebo lwangaphandle zaseShayina zihlanganise ngokugcwele izinsiza zokukhiqiza, zathuthukisa i-R&D kanye namazinga okuklama, zaqinisa ukuqapha izinga lomkhiqizo, futhi zathumela ngaphandle inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yabathengi esezingeni eliphezulu.
NgoNovemba, inani lezwe lakithi eliphelele lokungenisa nokuthekelisa libe likhuphuke unyaka nonyaka ngama-20.5%.Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwakungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.09, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-16.6%, futhi kwaqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okuphezulu;ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe bekungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.63, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngama-26%, okuyisibalo esisha kulo nyaka.U-Li Chunding, umqondisi woMnyango Wezomnotho Nezohwebo weSikole Sezomnotho Nokuphathwa kwe-China Agricultural University, uthe ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kudlula lokho obekulindelwe.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke kukhuphule amanani avela kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi ukukhuphuka kwentengo yemikhiqizo yezolimo namandla, okuholele ekwenyukeni kwempahla ethengwayo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Kungenxa yokukhula komnotho wezwe lami kanye nokwanda kwesidingo sasekhaya okubangele ukwanda kwempahla ethengwayo.
Ukwenziwa ngcono okuqhubekayo kwesakhiwo sohwebo lwangaphandle
UCui Weijie uthe ukuhwebelana kwezwe lami nangaphandle akugcini nje ngokufinyelela irekhodi eliphezulu, kodwa izinga lakhona nalo liqhubekile nokuba ngcono.Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nenani eliphakeme kwakunamandla.Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yemishini kanye nekagesi emazweni angaphandle kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-23, okubalelwa ku-58.8% yenani lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, okuqhubekisela phambili izinga lokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngamaphesenti ayi-13.5;Ukuthekelisa nokuthekelisa nge-e-commerce emngceleni, indlela yokuhweba yokuthengwa kwempahla emakethe Ukuthekelisa Izakhiwo zebhizinisi ezintsha kanye nezindlela ezintsha zohwebo lwangaphandle zilondoloze ukukhula okunamadijithi amabili.
Thatha isibonelo se-e-commerce ewela umngcele, kusukela ekusungulweni kwezindawo zokuhlola eziphelele ze-e-commerce, ukwakhiwa kwamachweba edijithali, ukwethulwa kwabashayeli bezindiza abahweba nge-elekthronikhi abawela umngcele ukuya ebhizinisini, kusukela. ukwenza kahle ukugadwa kokubuyiselwa kanye nokushintshaniswa kwezimpahla ezihweba ngaphandle kwemingcele ye-e-commerce, ukwakha ngamandla i-China ne-Europe Ukuze uthole izinto eziwela umngcele kanye nezinhlelo zokuthutha ezifana nezitimela zezimpahla kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe, izinyathelo ezifanele ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa indawo yebhizinisi nokukhuthaza ukusheshisa. ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli ebhizinisi amasha namamodeli afana ne-e-commerce ewela umngcele.
Intatheli ifunde ukuthi ziya ngokwanda izinkampani ezihweba kwamanye amazwe zakha izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ze-e-border nezaphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi zisebenzisa izinkundla ze-e-commerce eziwela umngcele ukuxhumana ngqo nabathengi futhi zenze ngokwezifiso zakho.UDai Yufei, iphini likamongameli we-Amazon global kanye nenhloko yesitolo somhlaba wonke sase-Amazon esivula isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific, ukholelwa ukuthi imboni ye-e-commerce yaseChina kanye nabathengisi baye bashintsha kusukela "ekukhuleni okungajwayelekile" kuya "kulinywa okuqinile", futhi bawela. -i-border e-commerce isiba amandla abalulekile okusekela uhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseShayina.
Ukwengeza, uhlaka lwezwe lami lokuhwebelana namanye amazwe lwenziwe lwaba ngcono kakhulu futhi nesakhiwo sezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe sesihluke kakhulu.NgoNovemba wokuqala, ukungenisa nokuthunyelwa kwezwe lami e-ASEAN, e-EU, e-United States nase-Japan kunyuke ngo-20.6%, 20%, 21.1% kanye no-10.7% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelana.Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukungenisa nokuthunyelwa kwezwe lami emazweni agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kukhuphuke ngo-23.5% unyaka nonyaka.NgoLwezi wokuqala, isamba senani lebhizinisi elizimele lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle lalingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17.15, okubalelwa ku-48.5% yenani eliphelele lohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nenani lokuthekelisa laseShayina.
Amabhizinisi amaningi azimele asebenzisa izindlela zedijithali ukusekela nokuqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nesiqondiso sama-oda.“Sakhe iqoqo lesistimu yedijithali ukuze siqonde imikhuba yokuthenga yamakhasimende kanye namazinga okusebenzisa ngokuthwebula idatha enkulu yokuthengiswa, ikhwalithi kanye nezikhalazo zamakhasimende zama-oda athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, futhi siguqule ukwamukela impendulo yamakhasimende ngokuthula sibe ukubeka izidingo zemakethe ngenkuthalo. inkampani iphinde ilungise kalula ukukhiqizwa nokumaketha okusekelwe kudatha yesistimu, isebenzisa ngokunembile ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D, ithepha ngempumelelo ama-oda angaba khona, futhi ithuthukise nakakhulu isabelo semakethe samazwe ngamazwe somkhiqizo.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqinile okunezinyathelo eziningi
Njengenye ye "troikas" eqhuba ukukhula komnotho, ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe kuzoqhubeka nokuqhubekela phambili kancane kancane.Umkhulumeli woMnyango Wezohwebo u-Shu Jueting uthe esithangamini sabezindaba phambilini ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi uhwebo lwangaphandle kanye nesakhiwo sangaphandle sizothuthukiswa unyaka wonke, intuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu izosheshisa, kanye nesimo sezwe elikhulu lokuhweba. izohlanganiswa, futhi umgomo "wokuzinza kwenani nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi" ungaqedwa ngempumelelo..
Kodwa-ke, abantu abathintekayo baphinde baveza ukuthi izinkampani eziningi zohwebo lwangaphandle, ikakhulukazi izinkampani ezincane, eziphakathi kanye nezincane zokuhwebelana zangaphandle, ziye zandisa ingcindezi yokusebenza kanye nobunzima, kanye nesimo "sokungafuni ukwamukela imiyalo" kanye "nokwandisa imali engenayo ngaphandle kokwenyuka kwenzuzo" ivame kakhulu.
UCui Weijie uthe esikhathini esizayo, ekuphenduleni izimo ezibucayi nezinzima zasekhaya nezangaphandle, kufanele sikhuthaze ngokushesha ukwethulwa kwezinqubomgomo nezinyathelo ezihlosiwe, senze umsebenzi omuhle ekulungiseni imijikelezo ehlukahlukene, sikhulule ubunzima emabhizinisini, sizinze futhi sibe nengqondo. okulindelweyo, nokugcina uhwebo lwangaphandle lusebangeni elifanele.
Ngokuqondile: Okokuqala, zinzisa amabhizinisi emakethe.Sizophinde sithuthukise indima yomshwalense wesikweletu sohwebo emazweni angaphandle, siqinisekise ukuthi isikweletu sohwebo lwangaphandle siyabiwa, siqinise amandla ezinkampani ukubhekana nobungozi bezinga lokuhwebelana, futhi sithuthukise izinga lokusiza.Okwesibili ukukhuthaza ukusungulwa.Thuthukisa ngamandla amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha namamodeli afana ne-e-commerce ewela imingcele kanye nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle, yakhe indawo yokuhlola yedijithali yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kohwebo oluluhlaza.Okwesithathu ukwakhiwa kwesiteji esiqinile.Nikeza ukudlala ngokugcwele endimeni eholayo yamachweba endaweni yohwebo olukhululekile, futhi uhlakulele izinkundla ezihlukahlukene ezifana namapaki ezimboni ezicutshungulwayo zikazwelonke, izindawo zokubonisa ukusungulwa kokuthuthukiswa kohwebo oluvela kwamanye amazwe, kanye nezinguquko zohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nezisekelo zokuthuthukisa.Okwesine ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokugeleza okushelelayo.Idlala ngokugcwele indima yeqembu elisebenzayo lohwebo, sebenzisa izinyathelo zohwebo lwangaphandle ezingenazihibe, ukhuthaze ukugeleza kwempahla nokuxazululwa ngendlela engenazihibe, futhi uqinisekise ukuzinza kanye nokuhlinzekwa okungavimbeliyo kochungechunge lwezimboni zohwebo lwangaphandle.Okwesihlanu, ukwandisa indawo yemakethe.Bamba amathuba amakhulu okusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-RCEP ngo-2022, sebenzisa kahle izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala ezisayiniwe, hlela ngokucophelela imibukiso emikhulu efana neCanton Fair.
2021-12-30
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-05-2022